RMUL2025/lib/magic_enum/doc/reference.md

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# Reference
* [`enum_cast` obtains enum value from string or integer.](#enum_cast)
* [`enum_value` returns enum value at specified index.](#enum_value)
* [`enum_values` obtains enum value sequence.](#enum_values)
* [`enum_count` returns number of enum values.](#enum_count)
* [`enum_integer` obtains integer value from enum value.](#enum_integer)
* [`enum_name` returns name from enum value.](#enum_name)
* [`enum_names` obtains string enum name sequence.](#enum_names)
* [`enum_entries` obtains pair (value enum, string enum name) sequence.](#enum_entries)
* [`enum_index` obtains index in enum value sequence from enum value.](#enum_index)
* [`enum_contains` checks whether enum contains enumerator with such value.](#enum_contains)
* [`enum_type_name` returns type name of enum.](#enum_type_name)
* [`enum_fuse` returns a bijective mix of enum values.](#enum_fuse)
* [`enum_switch` allows runtime enum value transformation to constexpr context.](#enum_switch)
* [`enum_for_each` calls a function with all enum constexpr value.](#enum_for_each)
* [`enum_flags` API from enum-flags.](#enum_flags)
* [`is_unscoped_enum` checks whether type is an Unscoped enumeration.](#is_unscoped_enum)
* [`is_scoped_enum` checks whether type is an Scoped enumeration.](#is_scoped_enum)
* [`underlying_type` improved UB-free "SFINAE-friendly" underlying_type.](#underlying_type)
* [`ostream_operators` ostream operators for enums.](#ostream_operators)
* [`bitwise_operators` bitwise operators for enums.](#bitwise_operators)
## Synopsis
* Before use, read the [limitations](limitations.md) of functionality.
* To check is magic_enum supported compiler use macro `MAGIC_ENUM_SUPPORTED` or constexpr constant `magic_enum::is_magic_enum_supported`.</br>
If magic_enum used on unsupported compiler, occurs the compilation error. To suppress error define macro `MAGIC_ENUM_NO_CHECK_SUPPORT`.
* To add custom enum or type names see the [example](../example/example_custom_name.cpp).
* To change the type of strings or ortional, use special macros:
```cpp
#include <my_lib/string.hpp>
#include <my_lib/string_view.hpp>
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_STRING using string = my_lib::String;
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_STRING_VIEW using string_view = my_lib::StringView;
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_OPTIONAL template <typename T> using optional = my_lib::Optional<T>;
#include <magic_enum.hpp>
```
* Optionally define `MAGIC_ENUM_CONFIG_FILE` i.e., in your build system, with path to header file with defined
macros or constants, for example:
```cpp
#define MAGIC_ENUM_CONFIG_FILE "my_magic_enum_cfg.hpp"
```
my_magic_enum_cfg.hpp:
```cpp
#include <my_lib/string.hpp>
#include <my_lib/string_view.hpp>
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_STRING using string = my_lib::String;
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_STRING_VIEW using string_view = my_lib::StringView;
#define MAGIC_ENUM_USING_ALIAS_OPTIONAL template <typename T> using optional = my_lib::Optional<T>;
#define MAGIC_ENUM_RANGE_MIN 0
#define MAGIC_ENUM_RANGE_MAX 255
```
* To add support for non-ASCII enumeration identifier, use special macros:
```cpp
#define MAGIC_ENUM_ENABLE_NONASCII
#include <magic_enum.hpp>
```
## `enum_cast`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr optional<E> enum_cast(underlying_type_t<E> value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr optional<E> enum_cast(string_view value) noexcept;
template <typename E, typename BinaryPredicate>
constexpr optional<E> enum_cast(string_view value, BinaryPredicate p) noexcept(is_nothrow_invocable_v<BinaryPredicate>);
```
* Obtains enum value from string or integer.
* Returns `optional<E>`, using `has_value()` to check contains enum value and `value()` to get the enum value.
* If argument does not enum value, returns empty `optional`.
* Examples
* String to enum value.
```cpp
string color_name{"GREEN"};
auto color = magic_enum::enum_cast<Color>(color_name);
if (color.has_value()) {
// color.value() -> Color::GREEN
}
auto color_or_default = magic_enum::enum_cast<Color>(value).value_or(Color::NONE);
```
* Integer to enum value.
```cpp
int color_integer = 2;
auto color = magic_enum::enum_cast<Color>(color_integer);
if (color.has_value()) {
// color.value() -> Color::RED
}
auto color_or_default = magic_enum::enum_cast<Color>(value).value_or(Color::NONE);
```
## `enum_value`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr E enum_value(size_t index) noexcept;
template <typename E, size_t I>
constexpr E enum_value() noexcept;
```
* Returns enum value at specified index.
* `enum_value(value)` no bounds checking is performed: the behavior is undefined if `index >= number of enum values`.
* `enum_value<value>()` check if `I >= number of enum values`, occurs the compilation error `magic_enum::enum_value out of range`.
* Examples
```cpp
int i = 1;
Color color = magic_enum::enum_value<Color>(i);
// color -> Color::BLUE
```
```cpp
Color color = magic_enum::enum_value<Color, 1>();
// color -> Color::BLUE
```
## `enum_values`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr array<E, N> enum_values() noexcept;
```
* Returns `array<E, N>` with all enum values where `N = number of enum values`, sorted by enum value.
* Examples
```cpp
constexpr auto colors = magic_enum::enum_values<Color>();
// colors -> {Color::RED, Color::BLUE, Color::GREEN}
// colors[0] -> Color::RED
```
## `enum_count`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr size_t enum_count() noexcept;
```
* Returns number of enum values.
* Examples
```cpp
constexpr auto color_count = magic_enum::enum_count<Color>();
// color_count -> 3
```
## `enum_integer`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr underlying_type_t<E> enum_integer(E value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr underlying_type_t<E> enum_underlying(E value) noexcept;
```
* Returns integer value from enum value.
* Examples
```cpp
Color color = Color::RED;
auto color_integer = magic_enum::enum_integer(color);
// color -> 2
```
## `enum_name`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr string_view enum_name(E value) noexcept;
template <auto V>
constexpr string_view enum_name() noexcept;
```
* Returns name from enum value as `string_view` with null-terminated string.
* If enum value does not have name or [out of range](limitations.md), `enum_name(value)` returns empty string.
* If enum value does not have name, `enum_name<value>()` occurs the compilation error `magic_enum::enum_name enum value does not have a name`.
* `enum_name<value>()` is much lighter on the compile times and is not restricted to the enum_range [limitation](limitations.md).
* Examples
```cpp
Color color = Color::RED;
auto color_name = magic_enum::enum_name(color);
// color_name -> "RED"
```
```cpp
constexpr Color color = Color::BLUE;
constexpr auto color_name = magic_enum::enum_name<color>();
// color_name -> "BLUE"
```
## `enum_names`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr array<string_view, N> enum_names() noexcept;
```
* Returns `array<string_view, N>` with all names where `N = number of enum values`, sorted by enum value.
* Examples
```cpp
constexpr auto color_names = magic_enum::enum_names<Color>();
// color_names -> {"RED", "BLUE", "GREEN"}
// color_names[0] -> "RED"
```
## `enum_entries`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr array<pair<E, string_view>, N> enum_entries() noexcept;
```
* Returns `array<pair<E, string_view>, N>` with all pairs (value, name) where `N = number of enum values`, sorted by enum value.
* Examples
```cpp
constexpr auto color_entries = magic_enum::enum_entries<Color>();
// color_entries -> {{Color::RED, "RED"}, {Color::BLUE, "BLUE"}, {Color::GREEN, "GREEN"}}
// color_entries[0].first -> Color::RED
// color_entries[0].second -> "RED"
```
## `enum_index`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr optional<size_t> enum_index(E value) noexcept;
template <auto V>
constexpr size_t enum_index() noexcept;
```
* Obtains index in enum values from enum value.
* `enum_index(value)` returns `optional<size_t>` with index.
* `enum_index<value>()` returns index. If enum value does not have a index, occurs the compilation error `magic_enum::enum_index enum value does not have a index`.
* Examples
```cpp
constexpr auto color_index = magic_enum::enum_index(Color::BLUE);
// color_index.value() -> 1
// color_index.has_value() -> true
```
```cpp
constexpr auto color_index = magic_enum::enum_index<Color::BLUE>();
// color_index -> 1
```
## `enum_contains`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_contains(E value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_contains(underlying_type_t<E> value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_contains(string_view value) noexcept;
template <typename E, typename BinaryPredicate>
constexpr optional<E> enum_contains(string_view value, BinaryPredicate p) noexcept(is_nothrow_invocable_v<BinaryPredicate>);
```
* Checks whether enum contains enumerator with such value.
* Returns true is enum contains value, otherwise false.
* Examples
```cpp
magic_enum::enum_contains(Color::GREEN); // -> true
magic_enum::enum_contains<Color>(2); // -> true
magic_enum::enum_contains<Color>(123); // -> false
magic_enum::enum_contains<Color>("GREEN"); // -> true
magic_enum::enum_contains<Color>("fda"); // -> false
```
## `enum_type_name`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr string_view enum_type_name() noexcept;
```
* Returns type name of enum as `string_view` null-terminated string.
* Examples
```cpp
Color color = Color::RED;
auto type_name = magic_enum::enum_type_name<decltype(color)>();
// color_name -> "Color"
```
## `enum_fuse`
```cpp
template <typename... Es>
[[nodiscard]] constexpr optional<enum_fuse_t> enum_fuse(Es... values) noexcept;
```
* You should add the required file `<magic_enum_fuse.hpp>`.
* Returns a typesafe bijective mix of several enum values. This can be used to emulate 2D switch/case statements.
* Return type is `optional<enum_fuse_t>` where `enum_fuse_t` is an incomplete enum, it is unique for any given combination of `Es...`.
* Switch/case statement over an incomplete enum is a Visual Studio warning C4064
* You have to silent (/wd4064) or ignore it.
* Alternatively, define `MAGIC_ENUM_NO_TYPESAFE_ENUM_FUSE` to disable type-safety (`enum_fuse_t` equals `uintmax_t`).
* Examples
```cpp
switch (magic_enum::enum_fuse(color, direction).value()) {
case magic_enum::enum_fuse(Color::RED, Directions::Up).value(): // ...
case magic_enum::enum_fuse(Color::BLUE, Directions::Down).value(): // ...
case magic_enum::enum_fuse(Directions::BLUE, Color::Down).value(): // Compilation error
// ...
}
```
## `enum_switch`
```cpp
template <typename Result = void, typename E, typename Lambda>
constexpr Result enum_switch(Lambda&& lambda, E value);
template <typename Result, typename E, typename Lambda>
constexpr Result enum_switch(Lambda&& lambda, E value, Result&& result);
```
* You should add the required file `<magic_enum_switch.hpp>`.
* Examples
```cpp
Color color = Color::RED;
magic_enum::enum_switch([] (auto val) {
constexpr Color c_color = val;
// ...
}, color);
```
## `enum_for_each`
```cpp
template <typename E, typename Lambda>
constexpr auto enum_for_each(Lambda&& lambda);
```
* Examples
```cpp
magic_enum::enum_for_each<Color>([] (auto val) {
constexpr Color c_color = val;
// ...
});
```
## `enum_flags`
```cpp
template <typename E>
string enum_flags_name(E value);
template <typename E>
constexpr optional<E> enum_flags_cast(underlying_type_t<E> value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr optional<E> enum_flags_cast(string_view value) noexcept;
template <typename E, typename BinaryPredicate>
constexpr optional<E> enum_flags_cast(string_view value, BinaryPredicate p) noexcept(is_nothrow_invocable_v<BinaryPredicate>);
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_flags_contains(E value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_flags_contains(underlying_type_t<E> value) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr bool enum_flags_contains(string_view value) noexcept;
template <typename E, typename BinaryPredicate>
constexpr optional<E> enum_flags_contains(string_view value, BinaryPredicate p) noexcept(is_nothrow_invocable_v<BinaryPredicate>);
```
* Examples
```cpp
auto directions_name = magic_enum::enum_flags_name(Directions::Up | Directions::Right);
// directions_name -> "Directions::Up | Directions::Right"
```
## `is_unscoped_enum`
```cpp
template <typename T>
struct is_unscoped_enum;
template <typename T>
inline constexpr bool is_unscoped_enum_v = is_unscoped_enum<T>::value;
```
* Checks whether type is an [Unscoped enumeration](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/enum#Unscoped_enumeration).
* Provides the member constant value which is equal to true, if T is an [Unscoped enumeration](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/enum#Unscoped_enumeration) type.</br>
Otherwise, value is equal to false.
* Examples
```cpp
magic_enum::is_unscoped_enum<color>::value -> true
magic_enum::is_unscoped_enum<Direction>::value -> false
// Helper variable template.
magic_enum::is_unscoped_enum_v<color> -> true
```
## `is_scoped_enum`
```cpp
template <typename T>
struct is_scoped_enum;
template <typename T>
inline constexpr bool is_scoped_enum_v = is_scoped_enum<T>::value;
```
* Checks whether type is an [Scoped enumeration](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/enum#Scoped_enumerations).
* Provides the member constant value which is equal to true, if T is an [Scoped enumeration](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/enum#Scoped_enumerations) type.</br>
Otherwise, value is equal to false.
* Examples
```cpp
magic_enum::is_scoped_enum<color>::value -> false
magic_enum::is_scoped_enum<Direction>::value -> true
// Helper variable template.
magic_enum::is_scoped_enum_v<Direction> -> true
```
## `underlying_type`
```cpp
template <typename T>
struct underlying_type;
template <typename T>
using underlying_type_t = typename underlying_type<T>::type;
```
* Improved UB-free "SFINAE-friendly" [underlying_type](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/underlying_type).
* If T is a complete enumeration type, provides a member typedef type that names the underlying type of T.</br>
Otherwise, if T is not an enumeration type, there is no member type.</br>
Otherwise (T is an incomplete enumeration type), the program is ill-formed.
* Examples
```cpp
magic_enum::underlying_type<color>::type -> int
// Helper types.
magic_enum::underlying_type_t<Direction> -> int
```
## `ostream_operators`
```cpp
template <typename Char, typename Traits, typename E>
basic_ostream<Char, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<Char, Traits>& os, E value);
template <typename Char, typename Traits, typename E>
basic_ostream<Char, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<Char, Traits>& os, optional<E> value);
```
* Out-of-the-box ostream operators for all enums.
* Examples
```cpp
using namespace magic_enum::ostream_operators; // out-of-the-box ostream operators for enums.
Color color = Color::BLUE;
std::cout << color << std::endl; // "BLUE"
```
## `bitwise_operators`
```cpp
template <typename E>
constexpr E operator~(E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E operator|(E lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E operator&(E lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E operator^(E lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E& operator|=(E& lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E& operator&=(E& lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
template <typename E>
constexpr E& operator^=(E& lhs, E rhs) noexcept;
```
* Out-of-the-box bitwise operators for all enums.
* Examples
```cpp
enum class Flags { A = 1 << 0, B = 1 << 1, C = 1 << 2, D = 1 << 3 };
using namespace magic_enum::bitwise_operators; // out-of-the-box bitwise operators for enums.
// Support operators: ~, |, &, ^, |=, &=, ^=.
Flags flags = Flags::A | Flags::B & ~Flags::C;
```